Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that arises from the damage caused to the nervous system. This damage is inflicted upon the individual’s nerves by their immune system. The myelin sheath, which is a protective covering of nerves, is constantly attacked by the immune system leading to its destruction. This results in the loss of coordination between the brain and the body.

Like every other health condition, MS, too, presents itself with a set of symptoms. Although there is no cure for the condition, it is possible to treat the symptoms and avoid further complications. Here are five treatment options for MS patient

1. Steroids
Multiple sclerosis is managed by using oral and intravenous steroids. Prednisone and Methylprednisolone are used to control flare-ups. These corticosteroid drugs also help manage MS symptoms. The disease-modifying drugs used in this condition prevent the immune system from attacking the nerves. The drugs, however effective, have multiple side effects. Some of these side effects include fluid retention, mood swings, insomnia, increased glucose levels, and increased blood pressure.

2. Plasmapheresis
Plasmapheresis is the exchange of plasma in the patient to manage flare-ups and sudden onset of attacks. It is also used as an alternative treatment method in MS patients when they are not responding to steroids. This helps in isolating the protein responsible for the attack on the nerves. It is found in the fluid portion of the blood. The patient’s plasma is replaced with that from a donor or with plasma substitutes. Plasmapheresis comes with its own set of side effects.

3. Deep brain stimulation
Deep brain stimulation is a treatment procedure that enables doctors to shut off the affected part of the brain. This is done with the help of electric shocks. This treatment procedure is beneficial in tremor reduction and for resisting the progression of MS. This is done by placing electrodes in the brain that are connected to a pacemaker device attached near the chest of the patient. This device delivers regular currents to the brain that work as electrical shocks. The current and time variation can be adjusted to suit the patients’ requirements.

4. Muscle relaxants
Multiple sclerosis patients often experience muscle spasms. To deal with the spasms and the stiffness in their muscles, doctors might prescribe muscle relaxants. These are available in the form of sprays, gels, or pills. Some of the main ingredients of these muscle relaxants are cyclobenzaprine, baclofen, and tizanidine.

5. Physical therapy
Multiple sclerosis makes it difficult to maintain mobility and perform daily activities. Patients with this condition are advised to seek physical therapy from a trained professional. Practicing stretches helps maintain mobility and also helps decrease the frequency of attacks. Strengthening exercises are also beneficial for patients as they make it easier to get through the day and help maintain a certain level of independence in the long run. Therefore, it is essential to start with physical therapy soon after the diagnosis.